Tooth sensitivity is a common dental issue that can cause discomfort when consuming hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods and beverages. In some cases, even breathing in cold air or brushing your teeth can trigger discomfort or pain. If you are experiencing tooth sensitivity, you should be aware of the potential causes, as they may range from mild, easily treated issues to more serious dental conditions. Depending on the severity of your condition, you may require a visit to an experienced dentist near you in Roswell, GA.
Top 10 Causes of Tooth Sensitivity
Here are the top 10 causes of sensitive teeth:
Tooth Enamel Erosion
Enamel is the hard outer layer of your teeth, and its primary function is to protect the softer, sensitive layers beneath, including dentin and pulp. Tooth enamel erosion is a key factor contributing to tooth sensitivity, as it exposes the underlying dentin and nerve endings, leading to discomfort when you consume hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods and beverages.
What causes Enamel Erosion?
- Acidic Foods and Beverages: Consuming foods like citrus fruits, soda, and wine frequently can weaken and erode enamel over time.
- Brushing Too Hard: Using too much force or a hard-bristled toothbrush can wear down enamel.
- Bruxism (Teeth Grinding): Grinding your teeth, often during sleep, can gradually wear away enamel, leading to sensitivity.
- Acid Reflux: Acid from the stomach can reach your mouth and erode tooth enamel if you suffer from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
What are the solutions for enamel erosion?
To prevent further enamel erosion, reduce consumption of acidic foods, use a soft-bristled toothbrush, and wear a mouthguard if you grind your teeth. Over-the-counter toothpaste specifically designed for sensitive teeth can also help provide relief.
Gum Recession
Gum recession occurs when the gum tissue surrounding your teeth pulls back, exposing the roots of your teeth. Unlike enamel, the roots are not covered by a protective layer, making them much more sensitive to external stimuli.
What can cause Gum Recession?
- Periodontal Disease: Gum disease can lead to inflammation and loss of gum tissue, which exposes the tooth roots.
- Aggressive Brushing: Brushing too hard can not only wear down enamel but also cause the gums to recede.
- Aging: As we age, gums naturally recede, which may lead to increased sensitivity.
How to deal with Gum recession?
Good oral hygiene is essential to prevent gum disease and gum recession. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and be gentle when brushing. In advanced cases of gum recession, your dentist may recommend a gum graft to cover the exposed root surfaces.
Tooth Decay (Cavities)
Tooth decay occurs when plaque—a sticky film of bacteria—builds up on your teeth. Bacteria in plaque produce acids that erode enamel, eventually creating small holes (cavities) in the teeth. These cavities expose the dentin layer, making your teeth more sensitive to hot, cold, and sweet stimuli.
What are some causes of Tooth Decay?
- Poor Oral Hygiene: Not brushing and flossing regularly allows plaque to build up, leading to cavities.
- Sugary and Starchy Foods: Foods high in sugar and starch fuel the bacteria that produce acids, which can damage your enamel.
- Dry Mouth: Saliva helps wash away food particles and neutralize acids. A lack of saliva can increase the risk of tooth decay.
How to deal with Tooth decay?
Preventing cavities requires regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings. If you already have cavities, your dentist can remove the decay and fill the cavity, reducing sensitivity.
Cracked or Chipped Teeth
A cracked or chipped tooth can expose the dentin and pulp layers, which are highly sensitive to temperature changes, pressure, and certain foods. Cracks may also allow bacteria to enter the tooth, potentially leading to infection and further sensitivity.
What can cause teeth to crack or chip?
- Injury: A direct blow to the mouth, such as during sports or an accident, can crack a tooth.
- Chewing Hard Foods: Chewing on hard foods, ice, or non-food items like pens can lead to cracks or chips.
- Teeth Grinding: Over time, grinding your teeth can cause cracks in the enamel.
How do deal with cracked or chipped teeth?
Minor cracks can often be repaired with bonding material or a dental filling. For more severe cracks, your dentist may recommend a crown or, in some cases, a root canal to save the tooth. Sunshine Smiles Dentistry sees patients for dental emergencies like cracked or chipped teeth.
Recent Dental Procedures can cause teeth sensitivity
Some dental procedures, such as fillings, crowns, or teeth whitening, can temporarily cause tooth sensitivity. These procedures may irritate the nerves inside your teeth, leading to short-term discomfort.
Some common dental Procedures That Cause Sensitivity
- Fillings: After a filling, especially a deep one, the tooth may feel sensitive as it adjusts to the new material.
- Teeth Whitening: Professional teeth whitening treatments can strip away some of the protective enamel layer, making teeth more sensitive to cold or hot temperatures.
- Dental Cleanings: A thorough cleaning, especially if there was significant plaque buildup, may leave your teeth feeling sensitive.
Solution
In most cases, sensitivity caused by dental procedures is temporary and resolves within a few days to a couple of weeks. Our dentists near Roswell, Georgia may recommend toothpaste for sensitive teeth or a fluoride treatment to alleviate discomfort.
Exposed Tooth Roots
When the gum tissue that normally covers the roots of your teeth recedes or is damaged, it can leave the sensitive root area exposed. Unlike the enamel-covered crown of the tooth, the roots are much more sensitive to temperature changes and acidic foods.
What causes Exposed Tooth Roots?
- Gum Disease: Periodontitis, an advanced form of gum disease, can erode gum tissue and expose the roots of your teeth.
- Over-brushing: Brushing too vigorously can wear down gums, exposing the roots over time.
- Orthodontic Treatment: Certain orthodontic procedures may lead to gum recession and exposed roots.
Solution for exposed tooth roots
Treating exposed tooth roots typically involves gum grafting procedures or applying a protective covering to reduce sensitivity. Practicing gentle oral hygiene can prevent the condition from worsening.
Sinus Infections can cause teeth to be sensitive
Sinus infections can cause pressure in the upper jaw, leading to tooth sensitivity or pain. This type of sensitivity usually affects multiple upper teeth rather than just one.
Causes of Sinus-Related Tooth Sensitivity
- Congestion: When your sinuses are congested due to a cold, allergy, or infection, the pressure can radiate to the teeth, causing discomfort.
- Inflammation: Inflammation of the sinuses, known as sinusitis, can press against the roots of the upper molars.
Solution for sinus related tooth sensitivity
If a sinus infection is causing your tooth sensitivity, addressing the sinus issue with medication or other treatments will likely resolve the tooth discomfort. Over-the-counter decongestants or antihistamines can help relieve sinus pressure.
Teeth Sensitivity due to Tooth Whitening Products
Over-the-counter or professional teeth whitening products contain bleaching agents like hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide, which can sometimes penetrate the enamel and reach the dentin. This exposure irritates the nerve endings in the teeth, leading to heightened sensitivity.
Causes of Sensitivity from Whitening
- Frequent Use: Regular use of whitening strips, gels, or toothpaste can weaken the enamel, making your teeth more prone to sensitivity.
- Professional Whitening Treatments: Some in-office whitening treatments, while effective, can temporarily irritate the teeth and cause sensitivity for a few days after the procedure.
Some solutions for whitening related whitening
To reduce sensitivity from whitening, space out treatments, use a desensitizing toothpaste, or consult with our dentist about more gentle whitening options. If the sensitivity persists, switching to a lower concentration of the whitening agent may help.
Dental Work Trauma
Dental procedures like fillings, crowns, root canals, or dental implants can sometimes result in tooth sensitivity due to the stress or trauma the tooth undergoes during treatment. After dental work, the tooth may feel sensitive to pressure, hot or cold temperatures, or even normal biting.
Causes of Trauma-Induced Sensitivity
- Deep Fillings: When decay is removed and the filling is placed close to the nerve, the tooth may become sensitive as the nerve heals.
- Crowns and Root Canals: These procedures involve significant work on the tooth, and it’s common to experience sensitivity as the tooth heals from the treatment.
- Post-Orthodontic Treatment: Sensitivity can occur after braces are removed or when dental adjustments are made, putting pressure on the teeth.
Solution for Trauma-Induced Sensitivity
Post-procedural sensitivity usually fades over time. Desensitizing toothpaste, fluoride treatments, or, in severe cases, adjusting the dental work can help alleviate discomfort.
Sensitive teeth due to Nerve Damage or Pulpitis
Pulpitis is the inflammation of the dental pulp, the soft tissue inside the tooth that contains nerves and blood vessels. When the pulp becomes irritated or inflamed, it can lead to significant tooth sensitivity or pain, particularly in response to hot, cold, or sweet stimuli.
Causes of Pulpitis or Nerve Damage
- Untreated Cavities: If cavities are left untreated, bacteria can penetrate the enamel and reach the pulp, causing inflammation.
- Trauma to the Tooth: A direct injury to the tooth, such as from a fall or sports accident, can damage the pulp, leading to sensitivity.
- Extensive Dental Work: Repeated dental procedures on the same tooth can stress or damage the nerve, causing pulpitis.
Some solutions for pulpitis or nerve damage
Mild pulpitis may be reversible with treatment, such as a filling or crown to protect the pulp. In more severe cases, such as when the pulp is irreversibly damaged, a root canal may be necessary to remove the damaged pulp and alleviate sensitivity.
When to See a Dentist for Sensitive Teeth?
While some causes of tooth sensitivity can be addressed with improved oral care at home, persistent or severe sensitivity may require professional treatment. If your sensitivity is accompanied by swelling, pain, or bleeding, consult your dentist in Roswell, GA as soon as possible. They can diagnose the underlying issue and recommend appropriate treatments, such as fluoride application, bonding, or gum treatment.
How Can a Dentist Treat Tooth Sensitivity?
Dentists offer several effective treatments for tooth sensitivity, depending on its cause. Here’s a detailed look at how dental professionals can help manage and treat sensitive teeth:
Fluoride Treatment
How Does Fluoride Treatment Work
Fluoride is a mineral that strengthens tooth enamel and reduces sensitivity. In cases where enamel erosion or early decay is causing sensitivity, dentists may apply a fluoride varnish or gel to the sensitive areas. This treatment helps restore the enamel’s integrity and can reduce the pain associated with exposed dentin.
What are the Types of Fluoride Treatments:
- Topical Fluoride Gel: Applied directly to sensitive areas in the office.
- Fluoride Varnish: A thicker, more concentrated application that adheres to teeth for longer-lasting relief.
Benefits of Fluoride treatment
Fluoride helps remineralize enamel, creating a protective barrier and reducing discomfort from temperature changes or acidic foods.
Desensitizing Agents
How do Desensitizing Agents Work
Dentists often recommend toothpaste or in-office applications that contain desensitizing agents, such as potassium nitrate or stannous fluoride. These agents help block pain signals from reaching the nerves in your teeth by filling in the tubules in the dentin.
Common Products: containing desensitizing agents?
- Desensitizing Toothpaste: Regular use over a few weeks can reduce sensitivity.
- In-Office Desensitizing Gel: A concentrated gel applied to sensitive areas to provide immediate relief.
Benefits of desensitizing agents?
These treatments provide rapid relief and can be used as a long-term solution to reduce sensitivity caused by exposed dentin.
Dental Bonding or Sealants
How does dental bonding or sealants work?
For teeth with worn enamel, receding gums, or minor cracks, dentists may apply dental bonding or sealants. A bonding material, usually a tooth-colored resin, is painted onto the sensitive surfaces and hardened using a special light. This seals the dentin and prevents stimuli from reaching the nerve.
What are some issues treated by bonding or sealants?
- Exposed Dentin: Bonding covers the exposed dentin that leads to sensitivity.
- Cracks or Chips: The resin helps restore the tooth structure and block sensitivity.
Benefits of dental bonding or sealants
Bonding or sealants are effective in closing gaps or cracks in the enamel, protecting the dentin, and providing long-term relief.
Gum Grafts for Receding Gums
How does Gum Grafting Works
If gum recession is causing your sensitivity by exposing the roots of your teeth, your dentist may recommend a gum graft. This surgical procedure involves taking tissue, usually from the roof of your mouth, and attaching it to the area where the gums have receded. The new gum tissue protects the roots from exposure.
Gum graft Procedure:
- Tissue Graft: Tissue is harvested from your mouth or a donor source.
- Grafting: The tissue is placed over exposed roots to cover and protect them.
Benefits of gum grafting
Gum grafting not only reduces sensitivity but also prevents further gum recession, which can protect against future dental issues.
Root Canal Therapy (RCT)
How does Root Canal Therapy Work?
In severe cases where tooth sensitivity is caused by irreversible damage to the tooth’s pulp, a root canal may be necessary. During this procedure, the dentist removes the damaged or infected pulp from the inside of the tooth, cleans the root canals, and seals them. A crown may be placed over the tooth to provide additional protection. The dentists at Sunshine Smiles Dentistry perform root canal therapy near Roswell, Georgia
Common Causes that need root canal therapy
- Pulpitis: Inflammation of the pulp due to deep decay or trauma.
- Infection: When bacteria reach the pulp, causing pain and sensitivity.
Benefits of root canal therapy
A root canal eliminates the source of sensitivity by removing the damaged pulp, and the procedure often saves the tooth from extraction.
Crowns, Inlays, or Onlays
How It Works
If your sensitivity is due to decay, cracks, or fractures, a dentist may recommend covering the tooth with a crown, inlay, or onlay. These restorations protect the tooth from further damage and prevent external stimuli from reaching the sensitive nerves inside.
- Dental Crowns: A full-coverage cap placed over the entire tooth.
- Inlays/Onlays: Partial coverings that restore decayed or damaged areas of a tooth.
Benefits
Restorations like crowns and inlays not only restore the structure of the tooth but also act as a protective barrier, significantly reducing sensitivity.
Nightguards for Bruxism
How do Nightguards Work?
If teeth grinding (bruxism) is causing enamel erosion or cracks, which lead to sensitivity, your dentist may recommend a custom-fitted nightguard. This device is worn while sleeping to prevent grinding and protect the teeth from further damage.
Causes Addressed:
- Teeth Grinding: Bruxism often leads to cracks and enamel wear.
- Jaw Clenching: Prevents excessive force on the teeth during sleep.
Benefits
Wearing a nightguard can stop the progression of damage caused by bruxism, helping to prevent further sensitivity and protect your teeth.
Treatment of Underlying Conditions causing Sensitivity
How It Works
In cases where tooth sensitivity is due to systemic health issues, such as acid reflux or sinus infections, addressing these underlying conditions is vital. Dentists may refer you to a medical specialist or recommend lifestyle changes to reduce acid exposure or treat sinus issues that are contributing to sensitivity.
Common Issues:
- Acid Reflux: Dental enamel can erode due to stomach acid.
- Sinus Infections: Pressure on the upper jaw can cause sensitivity.
Benefits
Treating the root cause of sensitivity, whether it’s gastrointestinal issues or sinus problems, can help alleviate dental discomfort and protect your teeth from further harm.
Can Damaged or Eroded Tooth Enamel be Repaired or Restored?
Causes of Tooth Enamel Erosion
Tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, yet it is not capable of regenerating enamel once lost. Erosion can occur due to various factors, including:
- Dietary Choices: Frequent consumption of acidic foods and beverages, such as citrus fruits, sodas, and vinegar, can weaken enamel.
- Acid Reflux: Stomach acids can erode enamel when they come into contact with teeth.
- Poor Oral Hygiene: Insufficient brushing and flossing can lead to plaque buildup, which produces acids that contribute to enamel erosion.
- Brushing Technique: Using a hard-bristled toothbrush or brushing too aggressively can wear down enamel.
Repairing Eroded Tooth Enamel
While enamel cannot be fully restored to its original state, several dental treatments can help repair some of the damage or mitigate the effects of erosion:
- Fluoride Treatments: Professional fluoride applications can strengthen remaining enamel and make teeth more resistant to further erosion. Fluoride helps remineralize enamel, enhancing its durability and reducing sensitivity.
- Dental Sealants: Sealants are protective coatings applied to the chewing surfaces of teeth. They can shield vulnerable areas from acid attack and further erosion.
- Bonding: In cases of significant enamel loss, dental bonding can be used to apply a tooth-colored resin to the affected teeth. This can help improve appearance and protect underlying dentin.
- Veneers: For more extensive damage, porcelain veneers can be bonded to the front surfaces of teeth, providing both aesthetic enhancement and additional protection.
Home Care Strategies for enamel loss
In addition to professional treatments, individuals can take proactive steps to minimize further enamel loss and manage sensitivity:
- Use Desensitizing Toothpaste: These toothpastes contain compounds that block pain signals from reaching the nerves in the teeth, providing temporary relief.
- Adjust Dietary Habits: Reducing the intake of acidic foods and drinks, and using a straw for beverages can help minimize contact with teeth.
- Practice Good Oral Hygiene: Regular brushing with a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste, along with daily flossing, can help maintain enamel health.
- Stay Hydrated: Drinking water can help neutralize acids and rinse away food particles, reducing the risk of erosion.
Frequently Asked Questions on Tooth Sensitivity
Can tooth sensitivity be a sign of a serious dental issue?
Yes, tooth sensitivity can indicate underlying dental problems, such as cavities, gum disease, or tooth fractures. If sensitivity persists or worsens, it’s essential to consult a dentist for an evaluation.
Is tooth sensitivity common, and who is most at risk?
Tooth sensitivity is relatively common and can affect people of all ages. However, individuals with gum recession, worn enamel, or a history of dental work are more at risk. Those who frequently consume acidic foods or beverages may also experience increased sensitivity.
Can certain foods or drinks make tooth sensitivity worse?
Yes, certain foods and beverages can exacerbate tooth sensitivity. Acidic foods (like citrus fruits and tomatoes), hot or cold drinks, and sugary snacks can trigger discomfort in sensitive teeth.
Is it safe to use desensitizing toothpaste long-term?
Desensitizing toothpaste is generally safe for long-term use. However, if you do not notice improvement in your sensitivity after several weeks, you should consult your dentist to explore other treatment options.
Can oral hygiene practices affect tooth sensitivity?
Yes, improper brushing techniques (such as brushing too hard) or using a hard-bristled toothbrush can contribute to enamel wear and gum recession, increasing tooth sensitivity. It’s essential to use a soft-bristled toothbrush and gentle brushing techniques.
Will tooth sensitivity go away on its own?
In some cases, tooth sensitivity may improve on its own, especially if it’s caused by temporary factors like a recent dental procedure or minor enamel wear. However, persistent sensitivity should be evaluated by a dentist to determine the underlying cause.
How does aging affect tooth sensitivity?
As people age, the enamel on their teeth may wear down, and gums may recede, exposing the tooth roots. This exposure can lead to increased sensitivity. Additionally, older adults may experience more dental procedures, contributing to sensitivity.
Can stress contribute to tooth sensitivity?
Yes, stress can lead to teeth grinding (bruxism), which can cause enamel wear and tooth fractures, leading to increased sensitivity. Managing stress through relaxation techniques or therapy can help reduce this risk.
Are there any natural remedies for tooth sensitivity?
Some people find relief from sensitivity through natural remedies, such as rinsing with warm salt water, using clove oil for its analgesic properties, or applying a mixture of baking soda and water to neutralize acidity in the mouth. However, these should complement professional dental advice rather than replace it.
What is the best way to prevent tooth sensitivity?
Preventing tooth sensitivity involves maintaining good oral hygiene, using fluoride toothpaste, avoiding excessive consumption of acidic foods and beverages, and addressing dental issues promptly. Regular dental check-ups are crucial for monitoring oral health and preventing sensitivity.
Can sensitivity be a side effect of medications?
Some medications can lead to dry mouth or changes in oral pH, which can contribute to enamel erosion and tooth sensitivity. If you suspect your medication is affecting your teeth, consult your healthcare provider or dentist for alternatives.
Should I avoid dental cleanings if I have sensitive teeth?
No, regular dental cleanings are essential for maintaining oral health and preventing sensitivity. If you are concerned about discomfort during a cleaning, inform your dental hygienist or dentist, who can take steps to minimize sensitivity during the procedure.
Can teeth whitening treatments cause increased sensitivity?
Yes, teeth whitening treatments can sometimes lead to temporary sensitivity, especially if the whitening agent contains hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide. If you experience sensitivity during or after treatment, consult your dentist for advice on how to minimize discomfort.
Is tooth sensitivity more common in certain teeth?
Tooth sensitivity can occur in any tooth, but it is often more prevalent in the canines and molars. These teeth have larger surfaces and may be more susceptible to enamel wear and gum recession, increasing their sensitivity.
How can I differentiate between tooth sensitivity and toothache?
Tooth sensitivity typically occurs in response to specific stimuli, such as hot or cold temperatures, sweet foods, or sour drinks. In contrast, a toothache usually involves persistent pain or discomfort that may not be triggered by specific stimuli. If you’re unsure, it’s best to consult a dentist for an accurate diagnosis.
Can dental treatments lead to long-term sensitivity?
While many dental procedures may cause temporary sensitivity, such as fillings or crowns, long-term sensitivity is uncommon. If sensitivity persists beyond a few weeks after treatment, you should contact your dentist for an evaluation.
Are there any lifestyle changes I can make to reduce tooth sensitivity?
Yes, lifestyle changes can help manage tooth sensitivity. These may include reducing the intake of acidic foods and drinks, practicing good oral hygiene, using a soft-bristled toothbrush, and avoiding teeth grinding through stress management or a nightguard.
Can pregnancy affect tooth sensitivity?
Pregnancy can lead to hormonal changes that may affect gum health and increase the risk of gingivitis, which can contribute to tooth sensitivity. Pregnant individuals should maintain good oral hygiene and visit their dentist for regular check-ups.
Can I use regular toothpaste if I have sensitive teeth?
While regular toothpaste is generally safe to use, desensitizing toothpaste specifically formulated for sensitive teeth may provide more effective relief. If you choose to use regular toothpaste, ensure it contains fluoride to help protect enamel.
Are there any specific oral care products recommended for tooth sensitivity?
Yes, many dental care products are specifically designed for sensitive teeth. Look for toothpaste and mouthwashes labeled as “sensitivity relief” or “desensitizing,” as well as fluoride treatments. Your dentist can recommend specific products tailored to your needs.
Sunshine Smiles Dentistry is a Trusted Dental Clinic in Roswell, GA
At Sunshine Smiles Dentistry, we believe that every smile matters and we are dedicated to providing compassionate, personalized dental care for you and your family. Leading Roswell dentist Dr. Suvidha Sachdeva and our friendly team are here to listen to your concerns and ensure your dental experience is comfortable and stress-free.
Whether you need a routine oral health check-up, dental cosmetic enhancements, or treatment for tooth sensitivity, we strive to help you achieve an attractive, healthy smile that lasts. Reach out to us today, and let us be a part of your journey to optimal dental health. Book your appointment with us online today, or call us at (770) 998-8116 for assistance.